Creating Inclusive Spaces: Best Interior Design Practices for People with Special Needs

By Esther W. Watene, Head of Interior Design, Tech Home EA Ltd.

Designing spaces that welcome everyone requires thoughtful planning and attention to the unique needs of people with disabilities or special needs. Inclusive interior design goes beyond aesthetics. It creates environments that support independence, comfort, and safety for all users. This post explores practical strategies to make homes, schools, and public spaces more accessible and inviting.

Accessible kitchen with lowered counters and wide aisles

Understanding the Importance of Inclusive Design

Many spaces still present barriers that limit access for people with mobility challenges, sensory sensitivities, or cognitive differences. Inclusive design removes these barriers by considering a wide range of abilities from the start. This approach benefits everyone, including older adults, parents with strollers, and people carrying heavy items.

For example, a home designed with wider doorways and lever handles allows easier movement for wheelchair users and those with limited hand strength. Clear sightlines and good lighting help people with visual impairments navigate safely. By focusing on usability, inclusive design improves quality of life and fosters independence.

Key Interior Design Practices for Accessibility

1. Plan for Mobility and Space

• Wider pathways and doorways: Ensure at least 36 inches of clear width for wheelchairs and walkers.

• Smooth, non-slip flooring: Avoid thick carpets or rugs that can cause trips or hinder movement.

• Accessible furniture: Choose chairs and tables with appropriate heights and sturdy support.

• Clear floor space: Keep rooms free of clutter and obstacles to allow easy navigation.

  
  

2. Use Smart Lighting Solutions

Good lighting reduces accidents and supports people with low vision or sensory processing issues.

• Even glare-free lighting: Use diffused light sources to avoid harsh shadows.

• Adjustable lighting: Provide dimmers or multiple light levels to accommodate preferences.

• Natural light: Maximise daylight with large windows and light-colored walls.

• Contrasting colours: Highlight edges of steps, counters, and switches with contrasting paint or materials.

  
  

3. Incorporate Sensory-Friendly Elements

People with sensory sensitivities benefit from calm, predictable environments.

• Soft textures and muted colours: Avoid overly bright or busy patterns.

• Sound control: Use rugs, curtains, and acoustic panels to reduce noise.

• Clear signage: Use simple symbols and large fonts for easy understanding.

• Tactile features: Include textured surfaces for orientation and comfort.

  
  

Sensory-friendly living room corner with soft lighting and textured cushions

4. Focus on Safety Features

Safety is a priority in inclusive design.

• Grab bars and handrails: Install in bathrooms, hallways, and staircases.

• Rounded furniture edges: Reduce injury risk from sharp corners.

• Easy-to-reach controls: Place light switches, thermostats, and outlets at accessible heights.

• Emergency systems: Include visual and audible alarms for people with hearing or vision impairments.

  
  

5. Customise for Individual Needs

No two people have the same requirements. Flexible design allows spaces to adapt.

• Adjustable furniture: Desks and beds with height options.

• Modular layouts: Furniture that can be rearranged easily.

• Technology integration: Voice-activated controls, smart home devices, and assistive technology.

• Personalised storage: Accessible shelves and drawers.

  
  

Examples of Inclusive Design in Different Spaces

Homes

A family redesigned their kitchen to include pull-out shelves, lever faucets, and a lowered island counter. These changes helped a family member with limited hand mobility cook independently. Wide hallways and a zero-threshold shower improved wheelchair access throughout the house.

Schools

A school created quiet zones with soft lighting and sound-absorbing materials for students with sensory processing disorders. Classrooms feature adjustable desks and clear visual cues to support focus and comfort.

Public Spaces

A community centre installed ramps, tactile floor indicators, and clear signage in multiple languages. Restrooms include adult changing tables and accessible sinks. These features welcomed more visitors and made events more inclusive.

Community centre lobby with ramps and tactile floor indicators

Moving Forward with Inclusive Design

Creating inclusive spaces requires commitment and creativity. Start by consulting with people who have special needs to understand their challenges and preferences. Use universal design principles that work for the widest range of users. Small changes can make a big difference in comfort and independence.

Start Here www.techhome.co.ke home@techhome.co.ke +254 742 411 199